Objective: This study aims to describe the socio-economic characteristics of patients diagnosed with hydatid cyst in Şırnak province and to explore potential routes of disease transmission. Material and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted with 72 patients diagnosed with hydatid cyst between January 2022-December 2024 in Şırnak province. A questionnaire was administered via telephone, which included questions about socio-economic information, awareness of the disease, transmission routes, contact with animals, hygiene habits, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment processes. Data were analyzed using the SPSS program. Results: The average age of the participants was 40.28±18.63 years, and 59.7% were female. 54.2% of the participants had an education level of primary school or lower, and 50% lived in rural areas. 62.5% of participants lived in areas where sheep or dogs were present, and 40.3% performed slaughtering at home. Among those, 69% fed the internal organs to dogs raw. Additionally, 45.8% of the participants consumed vegetables without washing them. The liver was the most affected organ, and most patients were diagnosed via abdominal ultrasonography. Conclusion: In this study, it was observed that most patients diagnosed with hydatid cyst in Şırnak lived in rural areas, where livestock farming was common and hygiene practices were inadequate. Uncontrolled movement of owned and stray dogs, insufficient antiparasitic treatment, and improper disposal of animal waste were frequently reported. These findings indicate that environmental and behavioral factors play an important role in the persistence of hydatid cyst infection in the region.